ASTM A516 Gr.55/60/65/70 Pressure Vessel Steel: ASME-Certified Low-Temperature Solution with Enhanced Notch Toughness
Material Overview & Competitive Advantages
ASTM A516 specifies normalized carbon-manganese steel plates for -45°C to 345°C pressure vessels in oil/gas and cryogenic storage. With tensile strengths from 380 MPa (Gr.55) to 620 MPa (Gr.70), these plates meet ASME SA-516 requirements for LPG tanks and heat exchangers.
Key Benefits:
- Cryogenic Performance: 40J impact energy at -45°C (Gr.70).
- Global Equivalents: EN 10028-2 P355GH (Gr.70), JIS G3115 SPV490 (Gr.65).
- Fabrication Efficiency: 25% faster weld speeds vs. alloy steels.
Technical Specifications
1. Chemical Composition (ASME SA-516 Standard)
| Grade | C (≤) | Mn (≤) | CEV* | Thickness Range |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gr.55 | 0.25% | 1.30% | 0.43 | 6–250mm |
| Gr.60 | 0.25% | 1.20% | 0.47 | 6–300mm |
| Gr.65 | 0.28% | 1.20% | 0.53 | 6–350mm |
| Gr.70 | 0.30% | 1.20% | 0.58 | 6–400mm |
| *CEV = C + Mn/6 + (Cr + Mo + V)/5 |
2. Mechanical Properties
| Grade | Tensile (MPa) | Yield (MPa) | Elongation (%) | Impact (-45°C) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gr.55 | 380–515 | 205 | 27 | 34J |
| Gr.60 | 415–550 | 220 | 25 | 39J |
| Gr.65 | 450–585 | 240 | 23 | 45J |
| Gr.70 | 485–620 | 260 | 21 | 52J |
Physical Properties:
- Density: 7.80 g/cm³ (0.282 lb/in³)
- Thermal Conductivity: 49.8 W/m·K (20–200°C)
Production & Fabrication
1. Manufacturing Processes
- Normalizing: 900–925°C × 1h/25mm (mandatory for Gr.70).
- Post-Forming Treatment: 595–650°C stress relief (ASME VIII Div.1).
2. Surface Treatments
| Process | Technical Standard | Application Example |
|---|---|---|
| Galvanizing | ASTM A123 (70µm) | Coastal water tanks |
| PTFE Coating | ASME RTP-1 | Chemical reactors |
Industrial Applications
1. Energy Storage
- LPG Spherical Tanks: Gr.70 plates (thickness 30–80mm).
- CNG Transport Vessels: Gr.65 seamless shells (NACE MR0175).
2. Process Industry
| Component | Material Grade | Operational Limits |
|---|---|---|
| Ammonia Condensers | Gr.60 | -33°C @ 2.5MPa |
| CO2 Scrubbers | Gr.55 | 150°C @ 1.8MPa |
3. Power Generation
- Deaerator Vessels: Gr.60 forged heads (PWHT required).
- Feedwater Heaters: Gr.65 U-tube bundles (ASME TEMA).
Quality Assurance
- Testing Protocols:
- Ultrasonic testing: SA-578 Level II for thickness >50mm.
- Hardness control: HB 120–190 (Gr.55), HB 150–220 (Gr.70).
- Certifications:
- ASME U Stamp + EN 10204 3.1 Certificate.
- ISO 3834-2 Welding Compliance.
Delivery & Storage
- Dimensions:
- Width: 1,500–3,500mm (max length: 18m).
- Thickness tolerance: ±0.3mm (cold-rolled), ±0.8% (hot-rolled).
- Packaging: VCI film + desiccant (36-month corrosion protection).
Welding Advisory: Use E7018-G electrodes with 80–150°C preheat for Gr.70*
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