ASTM A514 High-Strength Carbon Steel Plate: Technical Specifications & Industrial Applications
Material Classification & Standards
ASTM A514 is a quenched & tempered (Q&T) high-strength structural steel plate designed for extreme load-bearing applications. Available in 13 grades (A, B, C, E, F, H, J, K, M, P, Q, S, T) with identical mechanical properties but varying alloy compositions for optimized weldability and toughness at low temperatures (-50°C to +40°C).
Key Standards:
- ASTM A514 (USA)
- EN 10025-2 S690QL (EU equivalent)
- JIS G3106 SM570 (Japan)
Key Technical Parameters
1. Chemical Composition (Selected Grades)
| Element (%) | Grade A | Grade B | Grade E | Grade F |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| C | 0.15–0.21 | 0.12–0.21 | 0.12–0.20 | 0.10–0.20 |
| Mn | 0.80–1.10 | 0.70–1.00 | 0.40–0.70 | 0.60–1.00 |
| Cr | 0.50–0.80 | 0.40–0.65 | 1.40–2.00 | 0.40–0.65 |
| Mo | 0.18–0.28 | 0.15–0.25 | 0.40–0.60 | 0.40–0.60 |
| Ni | – | – | – | 0.70–1.00 |
2. Mechanical Properties
| Thickness (mm) | Yield Strength (min) | Tensile Strength | Elongation (%) |
|---|---|---|---|
| ≤20 | 690 MPa | 760–895 MPa | 18 |
| 20–65 | 690 MPa | 760–895 MPa | 18 |
| 65–150 | 620 MPa | 690–895 MPa | 18 |
Physical Properties:
- Density: 7.85 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³)
- Hardness: 240–300 HB (Brinell)
Production & Processing
1. Manufacturing Methods
- Hot Rolling: For plates >6mm (finishing temperature: 850–900°C)
- Quenching & Tempering: Oil quenching (820–870°C) + tempering (550–650°C)
2. Surface Treatments
| Process | Technical Parameters | Application Scope |
|---|---|---|
| Shot Blasting | SA 2.5 (ISO 8501-1) | Pre-weld surface preparation |
| Epoxy Priming | DFT 15–25µm (ISO 12944) | Offshore structures |
Industrial Applications
1. Heavy Construction
- Crane Booms: Grade T plates (thickness 50–100mm)
- Bridge Components: High-stress connections (FCAW welding with E11018-M electrodes)
2. Mining & Energy
- Drilling Rig Structures: Grade E (Cr-Mo enhanced wear resistance)
- Wind Turbine Towers: Grade Q plates (thickness 30–80mm, CEV ≤0.45)
3. Transportation
| Component | Material Specification | Performance Criteria |
|---|---|---|
| Military Vehicle Frames | A514 Grade B, 10–25mm thickness | -40°C impact ≥54J (Charpy V) |
| Railway Bogies | S690QL equivalent | Fatigue strength ≥350 MPa |
Quality Assurance & Certifications
- Mandatory Testing:
- Charpy V-notch impact test (-50°C for Arctic applications)
- Ultrasonic testing (EN 10160 Class S3 for thickness >50mm)
- Certifications:
- ABS (American Bureau of Shipping)
- CE Marking (EN 1090-1 Execution Class 4)
Delivery Specifications
- Dimensions:
- Width: 1,500–3,000mm (customizable up to 18m length)
- Thickness tolerance: ±0.5% (hot-rolled), ±0.1mm (precision-cut)
- Packaging: Waterproof wrapping + desiccant (12-month corrosion warranty)
Welding Advisory: Use preheat ≥150°C for thickness >25mm (AWS D1.1:2020, Group III electrodes)*
CEV (Carbon Equivalent) = C + Mn/6 + (Cr+Mo+V)/5 + (Ni+Cu)/15 ≤ 0.55 for crack-free welds
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