ASTM A285 Grade A/B/C Carbon Steel Plate: ASME-Compliant & Cost-Effective Pressure Vessel Solution
Material Overview & Key Features
ASTM A285 defines low-to-medium strength carbon steel plates for welded pressure vessels operating below 400°C (752°F). With tensile strengths ranging from 310 MPa (Grade A) to 515 MPa (Grade C), this cost-efficient material meets ASME Section VIII standards for boilers, storage tanks, and heat exchangers.
Core Advantages:
- Weldability: 30% lower preheat requirements vs. alloy steels.
- Global Equivalents: EN 10028-2 P235GH (Grade A), JIS G3115 SPV295 (Grade C).
- Economy: 40% cost reduction compared to SA516 steels.
Technical Specifications
1. Chemical Composition (ASTM A285M Standard)
| Grade | C ≤ | Mn ≤ | P ≤ | S ≤ | CEV* |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Grade A | 0.17% | 0.90% | 0.025% | 0.025% | 0.29 |
| Grade B | 0.22% | 0.90% | 0.025% | 0.025% | 0.35 |
| Grade C | 0.28% | 0.90% | 0.025% | 0.025% | 0.43 |
| *CEV = C + (Mn)/6 |
2. Mechanical Properties by Thickness
| Grade | Thickness (mm) | Yield (MPa) | Tensile (MPa) | Elongation (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Grade A | 6–50 | 165 | 310–450 | 30 |
| Grade B | 50–200 | 185 | 345–485 | 25 |
| Grade C | 6–50 | 205 | 380–515 | 27 |
Physical Properties:
- Density: 7.80 g/cm³ (0.282 lb/in³)
- Thermal Conductivity: 50.2 W/m·K (20–100°C)
Production & Fabrication
1. Manufacturing Methods
- Hot Rolling: Thickness tolerance ±1.2% (ASTM A6/A6M).
- Stress Relieving: 595–650°C treatment for >25mm plates (ASME VIII).
2. Surface Treatments
| Process | Technical Parameters | Industry Use Case |
|---|---|---|
| Shot Blasting | SA 2.0 finish (ISO 8501-1) | Oil storage tanks |
| Primer Coating | 60µm epoxy (SSPC-Paint 20) | Chemical vessels |
Industrial Applications
1. Energy & Petrochemicals
- Crude Oil Storage Tanks: Grade C plates (thickness 10–40mm).
- Steam Drum Heads: Grade B forged discs (PWHT mandatory).
2. Food & Pharmaceuticals
| Component | Material Grade | Operational Limits |
|---|---|---|
| Fermentation Vats | Grade A | 150°C @ 0.8MPa |
| CIP Systems | Grade B | 120°C @ 1.2MPa |
3. Nuclear & Utilities
- Demineralized Water Tanks: Grade A sheets (ASME III Class 2).
- Cooling Towers: Grade C structural supports (CEV ≤0.43).
Quality Assurance
- Testing Protocols:
- Bend test: 180° without cracking (thickness <20mm).
- Ultrasonic testing: SA-578 Level B for critical applications.
- Certifications:
- ASME U Stamp + Manufacturer’s Data Report.
- ISO 9001:2015 Quality Management.
Delivery & Storage
- Dimensions:
- Width: 1,500–3,000mm (max length: 12m).
- Thickness tolerance: ±0.2mm (cold-rolled), ±0.75% (hot-rolled).
- Packaging: VCI paper + edge guards (24-month rust protection).
Welding Advisory: Use E6013 electrodes with 50–100°C preheat for Grade C*
Equivalent Material
| National Standard | American Standard | European Standard | German Standard | Japan Standard | France | United Kingdom | Italy | Australia | ISO | India |
| 20 | A285 | P235GH (1.0345) |
1.0345 | SB410 | A37AP | 141-360 | Fe360-1KG | St35KW | P3 | Grade1 |
| A285Gr.C | ASt35 | SGV410 | A37CP | 161Gr.360 | Fe360-1KW |
| China | USA | Germany | Japan | France | U.K. | internationality |
| GB3077 | AlSI | DIN | JIS | NE | BS | ISO |
| 20Mn2 | 1320
1221 |
20Mn5 | SMn21 | 20M5 | 150M19 | – |
| 30Mn2 | 1330 | 30Mn5 | SMn24 | 32M5 | 150M28 | – |
| 35Mn2 | 1335 | 36Mn5 | SMnl | 35M5 | 150M36 | – |
| 40Mn2 | 1340
1341 |
– | SMn2 | 40M5 | – | – |
| 45Mn2 | 1345 | 46Mn7 | SMn3 | 45M5 | – | – |
| 50Mn2 | 1052 | 50Mn7 | – | 55M5 | – | – |
| 20MnV | – | 20MnV6 | – | – | – | |
| 30Mn2MoW | – | — | – | – | – | |
| 27SiMn | – | 27MnSi5 | – | – | – | |
| 35SiMn | – | 37MnSi5 | – | 38MS5 | – | – |
| 42SiMn | – | 38MnSi4
46MnSi4 |
– | 38MS5 | – | – |
| 20SiMn2MoV | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| 25SiMn2MoV | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| 37SiMn2MoV | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| 40B | 14B35 | 35B2 | – | – | – | – |
| 45B | 50B46H | 45B2 | – | – | – | – |
| 50B | 14B50 | – | – | – | – | – |
| 4OM∏B | 15B41 | – | – | – | – | – |
| 45MnB | 15B48
50B44 |
– | – | – | – | – |
| 20Mn2B | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| 20MnMoB | 80B20 | – | – | – | – | – |
| 15MnVB | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| 20MnVB | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| 40MnVB | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| 20MnTiB | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| 25MnTiBRE | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| 2OSiMnVB | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| 15Cr | 5015
5115 |
15Cr3 | SCr21 | 12C3 | 523A14
523M15 |
– |
| 15CrA | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| 20Cr | 5120 | 20Cr4 | SCr22 | 18C3
18C4 |
527A19
527M20 |
683/11
20Cr4 20CrS4 |
| 30Cr | 5130 | 28Cr4 | SCr2 | 28C4
32C4 |
530A30
530A32 |
– |
| 35Cr | 5135 | 34Cr4
37Cr4 |
SCr3 | 38C4 | 530A36 | 683/8
3、 3a、 3b |
| 40Cr | 5140 | 38Cr4
41Cr4 |
SCr4 | 42C4 | 530A40
530M40 |
683/1
4、 4a^ 4b |
| 45Cr | 5145 | 42Cr4 | SCR5 | 45C4 | – | – |
| 50Cr | 5150
5152 |
– | – | 50C4 | En48 | – |
| 38CrSi | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| 12CrMo | 4119 | 13CrMo44 | – | 12CD4
15CD2 |
– | – |
| 15CrMo | ASTM
A-387Gr. B |
15CrMo5
16CrMo44 |
SCM21 | 15CD4. 05 | BS1653 | – |
| 20CrMo | 4118 | 20CrMo5
22CrMo4 |
SCM22 | 18CD4
20CD4 |
CDS 12
CDSllO |
– |
| 30CrMo | 4130 | 25CrMo4 | SCM2 | 30CD4 | CDS 13 | – |
| 30CrMoA | – | 32CrMol2
3ICRMo12 |
– | – | – | – |
| 35CrMo | 4135
4137 |
34CrMo4
35CrMo4 |
SCM3 | 35CD4 | 78A37 | 683/1
C35ea C35eb |
| 42CrMo | 4140
4142 |
41CrMo4
42CrMo4 |
SCM4 | 40CD4
42CD4 |
708M40
708A42 709M40 |
683/1
3 |
| 12CrMoV | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| 35CrMoV | – | 35CrMoV5 | – | – | – | – |
| 12CrlMoV | – | 13CrMoV4.2 | – | – | – | – |
| 25Cr2MoVA | – | 24CrMoV5.5 | – | – | – | – |
| 25Cr2MolVA | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| 20CR3MoWVA | – | 21CrVMoW12 | – | – | – | – |
| 38CrMoΛl | 6370 (ΛMS) | 34CrAlMo5
41CrAlMo7 |
SACM645 | 40CAD6.12 | 905M39 | 683/10
41CrAlMo74 |
| 20CrV | 6120 | 22CrV4 | – | 22CrV4 | – | – |
| 40CrV | 6140 | 42CrV | – | 42CrV4 | – | – |
| 50CrVA | 6150 | 50CrV4 | SUPlO | 50CV4 | 735A50 | – |
| 15CrMn | – | 16MnCr5 | – | 16MC5 | – | – |
| 20CrMn | 5120 | 20MnCr5 | SMC21 | 20MC5 | – | – |
| 40CrMn | 5140 | – | SMC3 | – | – | – |
| 20CrMnSi | – | – | – | – | – | |
| 25CrMnSi | – | – | SMKl | – | – | – |
| 30CrMnSi | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| 30CrMnSiA | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| 35CrMnSiA | – | – | SMK2 | – | – | – |
| 20CrMnMo | 4119 | 20CrMo5 | SCM23 | – | – | – |
| 40CrMnMo | 4140 | – | – | – | – | – |
| 20CrMnTi | – | – | SMK22 | – | – | – |
| 30CrMnTi | – | 30MnCrTi4 | – | – | – | – |
| 20CrNi | 3120 | 20NiCr6 | – | 20NC6 | 637A16
637M17 |
– |
| 40CrNi | 3140 | 46NiCr6 | SNCl | 35NC6 | 640A35
640M40 |
– |
| 45CrNi | 3145 | 45NiCr6 | – | – | – | – |
| 50CrNi | 3150 | – | – | – | – | – |
| 12CrNi2 | 3115 | 14NiCrlO | SNC21 | IONCll
14NC11 |
– | – |
| 12CrNi3 | 3310 | 13NiCrl2 | SNC22 | 10NC12
14NC12 |
655A12
655M13 |
– |
| 20CrNi3 | – | 22NiCrl4 | – | 20NC11 | – | – |
| 30CrNi3 | – | 28NiCrlO
31NiCrl4 |
SNC2 | 30NC11
30NC12 |
– | – |
| 37CrNi3 | – | 35NiCrl8 | SNC3 | 35NC15 | – | – |
| 12Cr2Ni4 | E3310 | 14NiCrl8 | – | 12NC15 | – | – |
| 20Cr2Ni4 | E3316 | 22NiCrl4 | – | 20NC14 | 659A15
659M15 |
– |
| 20CrNiMo | 8620
8720 |
20NiCrMo2
21NiCrMo2 |
– | 20NCD2 | 805A20
805M20 |
– |
| 40CrNiMoA | 4340
9840 |
36NiCrMo4
40NiCrMo6 |
SNCM8 | 35NCD5
40NCD3 |
817M40
816M40 |
– |
| 45CrNiMoVA | 4437 | – | SNCM9 | – | – | – |
| 18Cr2Ni4WA | ||||||
| 25Cr2Ni4WA |
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